15,340 research outputs found
The Hamiltonian Analysis for Yang-Mills Theory on
Pure Yang-Mills theory on is analyzed in a
gauge-invariant Hamiltonian formalism. Using a suitable coordinatization for
the sphere and a gauge-invariant matrix parametrization for the gauge
potentials, we develop the Hamiltonian formalism in a manner that closely
parallels previous analysis on . The volume measure on the
physical configuration space of the gauge theory, the nonperturbative mass-gap
and the leading term of the vacuum wave functional are discussed using a
point-splitting regularization. All the results carry over smoothly to known
results on in the limit in which the sphere is de-compactified
to a plane
Mutual Dependence: A Novel Method for Computing Dependencies Between Random Variables
In data science, it is often required to estimate dependencies between
different data sources. These dependencies are typically calculated using
Pearson's correlation, distance correlation, and/or mutual information.
However, none of these measures satisfy all the Granger's axioms for an "ideal
measure". One such ideal measure, proposed by Granger himself, calculates the
Bhattacharyya distance between the joint probability density function (pdf) and
the product of marginal pdfs. We call this measure the mutual dependence.
However, to date this measure has not been directly computable from data. In
this paper, we use our recently introduced maximum likelihood non-parametric
estimator for band-limited pdfs, to compute the mutual dependence directly from
the data. We construct the estimator of mutual dependence and compare its
performance to standard measures (Pearson's and distance correlation) for
different known pdfs by computing convergence rates, computational complexity,
and the ability to capture nonlinear dependencies. Our mutual dependence
estimator requires fewer samples to converge to theoretical values, is faster
to compute, and captures more complex dependencies than standard measures
Tailoring the photonic bandgap of porous silicon dielectric mirror
A systematic method to fabricate porous silicon one dimensional photonic
crystals has been engineered to have a photonic bandwidth up to 2000nm. The
observation of the tailorability of the photonic bandgap (PBG) underscores the
requirement of the large refractive index contrast for making broad PBG
structures. In this letter, we present the fabrication and characteristics of
such structures that may be promising structures for a large variety of
applications.Comment: Published in Appl. Phys. Let
production in Large extra dimension model at next-to-leading order in QCD at the LHC
We present next-to-leading order QCD corrections to production of two
bosons in hadronic collisions in the extra dimension ADD model. Various
kinematical distributions are obtained to order in QCD by taking
into account all the parton level subprocesses. We estimate the impact of the
QCD corrections on various observables and find that they are significant. We
also show the reduction in factorization scale uncertainty when effects are included.Comment: Journal versio
Method of measuring cross-flow vortices by use of an array of hot-film sensors
The invention is a method for measuring the wavelength of cross-flow vortices of air flow having streamlines of flow traveling across a swept airfoil. The method comprises providing a plurality of hot-film sensors. Each hot-film sensor provides a signal which can be processed, and each hot-film sensor is spaced in a straight-line array such that the distance between successive hot-film sensors is less than the wavelength of the cross-flow vortices being measured. The method further comprises determining the direction of travel of the streamlines across the airfoil and positioning the straight-line array of hot film sensors perpendicular to the direction of travel of the streamlines, such that each sensor has a spanwise location. The method further comprises processing the signals provided by the sensors to provide root-mean-square values for each signal, plotting each root-mean-square value as a function of its spanwise location, and determining the wavelength of the cross-flow vortices by noting the distance between two maxima or two minima of root-mean-square values
Analysis of folding of bladder structures
Analysis of folding bladder structure
Enhancing laser sideband cooling in one-dimensional optical lattices via the dipole interaction
We study resolved sideband laser cooling of a one-dimensional optical lattice
with one atom per site, and in particular the effect of the dipole interaction
between radiating atoms. For simplicity, we consider the case where only a
single cooling laser is applied. We derive a master equation, and solve it in
the limit of a deep lattice and weak laser driving. We find that the dipole
interaction significantly changes the final temperature of the particles,
increasing it for some phonon wavevectors and decreasing it for others. The
total phonon energy over all modes is typically higher than in the
non-interacting case, but can be made lower by the right choice of parameters
Supersymmetry and Mass Gap in 2+1 Dimensions: A Gauge Invariant Hamiltonian Analysis
A Hamiltonian formulation of Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theories with supersymmetry in terms of gauge-invariant variables is presented,
generalizing earlier work on nonsupersymmetric gauge theories. Special
attention is paid to the volume measure of integration (over the gauge orbit
space of the fields) which occurs in the inner product for the wave functions
and arguments relating it to the renormalization of the Chern-Simons level
number and to mass-gaps in the spectrum of the Hamiltonians are presented. The
expression for the integration measure is consistent with the absence of mass
gap for theories with extended supersymmetry (in the absence of additional
matter hypermultiplets and/or Chern-Simons couplings), while for the minimally
supersymmetric case, there is a mass-gap, the scale of which is set by a
renormalized level number, in agreement with indications from existing
literature. The realization of the supersymmetry algebra and the Hamiltonian in
terms of the gauge invariant variables is also presented.Comment: 31 pages, References added, typos correcte
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